Role of crossing boarders in Translations Essay Example for Free

Role of crossing boarders in Translations Essay At the end of the play, Jimmy Jack says and the word exogamein means to marry outside the tribe. And you dont cross those boarders casually, both sides get very angry. In the light of this quotation, examine the dramatic and thematic significance of the role of crossing boarders. In many ways, Translations is a pessimistic play, particularly about the capacity of people from different cultures to communicate to each other. It is pessimistic in the sense that all attempts to break past ancient barriers fail. It is in this sense that the theme of crossing boarders is very significant in the very foundations of the play. More specifically, Translations highlights the importance of language, and communication in general, for the conflicts between different groups. Lack of communication builds boarders and makes them impenetrable. The structure or Translations allows Friel to explore several layers of events and themes. On one level, it is about a series of local incidents in a small village in northwest Ireland in 1833, which compel the characters to change the way they live. On another level, its sole purpose is to explore the themes of cross cultural conflict and communication. This themes are explored through the characters, them relationships and what happens to them in the play. We see attempts to cross boarders in many of the characters. The first example is our first introduction to Owen, Hughs sophisticated and charming son who works for the British forces. It is made obvious from the description of him in the stage direction that he appears to have crossed from the typical rural Irish stereotype that has been formulated to a more commercial English one. He is smartly dressed and described as looking like a city man in a great contrast with Manus, the lame soldier, who we discover is his brother. At this point in the play Owen seems to be trying to make what could be termed as a crossing bridge between the two cultures and languages; he is the go between. While this could first imply that he has changed sides, so to speak, we see later in the play that this is not the case. If you analyse the language he uses when he first appears at the hedge school it is difficult to decide if he genuinely appreciates and elevates his heritage and traditional culture, thus supporting my argument, or whether he is mocking it. For example: (Act I p27)I come back after six years and everythings just as it was! Nothings changed! (Act I p29)Honest to God, its such a delight to be back here with you all again-civilised people. While at this point in the play we could be lead to believe he is saying such things in mocking and thus abandoning his old culture and successfully crossing boarders, later in the play we see a shift in his tone and language. He looses his enthusiasm for the British colonial cause and begins to disagree with the English thinking that the Irish names should be standardized. (Act III p68) The originals Saint Muranus. Dont you think we should go back to that? We see him appreciating the historical significance of names that he had previously discarded in Act I as insignificant: (Act I p37) Owen-Roland-what the hell. Its only a name. However, reinforcing my argument, even in his temporary shift of loyalty Owen creates tension, particularly with Manus. Hugh on the other hand is just pleased to have him home. This is emphasized in the stage directions. (Act I p 26) He embraces Hugh warmly and genuinely Hughs eyes are moist-partly joy, partly the drink contrasts with Manus cold tone and manor Youre welcome Owen; he speaks to Owen like he would when welcoming a guest. By attempting to cross boarder he is estranged. And so, even though he manages to cross the boarders of language, he never completes the transition to the other tribe. However, even this periodic shift of loyalty causes tension thus linking to the idea of Exogamein that Jimmy Jack refers to. One of the most conventional structures for a play is to begin with a situation, then introduces some complications, before moving towards a resolution. Friel follows this for the first two acts but in Act III he avoids resolving some situations. We see this is the character of Maire, the pragmatic rural woman who wants to learn English and emigrate. Even from the beginning of the play she is portrayed as a tough rural strong minded, strong-bodied woman, but still shows her practical character and pragmatic approach: (Act I p 8) Fit me better if I had that much English She is the only character who wants to speak English thus showing her adaptability and acceptance to change in the early stages of the play. In the same way that whether or not Maire emigrates is left unresolved, so is the death of Yolland. We have little doubt that if Yolland is still alive he and Maire will get married and will the be only characters to successfully cross boarders. Their relationship is probably the most relevant to the title statement by Jimmy Jack in the last scene. It is interesting, in terms of the theme of the play, that Brian Friel chose not to resolve this issue, that he chose not to confirm their failure. Their relationship, however, causes many more serious consequences than Owens temporary shift of loyalty. We suspect the Irish rebels kill Yolland and then as a result the British Forces threaten to level the Irish town of Baile Beag. Friel was obviously trying to show the disastrous consequences of what such a simple innocent relationship can result in. This, again, can be linked to Jimmy Jacks statement. It is interesting that Friel chose the last scene of the play to draw particular attention to this theme and leads us to believe that he does this so the audience will go away from the performance with the imagery of ravished farm lands, and militant violence and this theme fresh in their minds. In conclusion, after analysis of the plays structure and central ideas we can see that the theme of crossing boarders is the most significant in the play as in a way, all aspects, whether they be linguistic, cultural or geographical are connected to it. Although Friel is quoted to have said Translations is a play about language and only language cannot be doubted that in writing Translations Friel wanted to make his audience aware of the consequences of crossing ancient barriers built by language, and made impenetrable by language.

Hand Guns and Conceal Ability :: Guns Weapons Violence Essays

Hand Guns and Conceal Ability The debate of hand guns is highly argued among American citizens. The article "Handgun Bands" from GunCite.com, and the article "Concealed Carry and its Effect on Crime" from CCNCrime.com, advocate the legal possession of a concealed handgun. They attempt to show that legal handguns actually deter crime and violence. The first article "Handgun Bands" takes an emotional approach followed by statistical information to prove the point that handgun bands, or limitations on the ability to purchase and carry a hand gun, do not effectively counter violence. The author begins by giving the statistic from the F.B.I. Uniform Crime Report that over 55% of all murders are committed with handguns. This leads you to believe that the author is an advocate of handgun bands. This idea is quickly thrown out in the next paragraph where it is stated that handguns are more often used in self defense than in crime. The claim is also made that most instances of self defense involving a handgun result in no shots fired. The question is then brought up, if handguns are banned will violent crime decrease? The author claims that not only will crime not decrease but, will grow resulting in more violence than ever. A survey from the National Institute of Justice shows that 72% of felons that use handguns would simply switch over to other weapons, such as shotguns in order to commit their violent acts. The author then gets information from an article by R. Taylor called "Gunshot Wounds of the Abdomen." This article proves that shotguns and rifles cause much more damage to the abdomen than handguns. The author is also able to show that studies taken by Don B. Jr. in his article ‘Guns, Murders, and the Constitution," show that 54% to 80% of homicides committed with handguns could have just as easily been committed with a long gun. The author effectively defends his idea that banning handguns will have no effect on the reduction of violent crime, but may actually increase instances of gun crimes. This is due to the fact that civilians would no longer be able to defend themselves effectively. The second article, " Concealed Carry and its Effect on Crime" tries to persuade the reader that the right to carry concealed weapons will deter criminals. Most of the information in this article is taken from a July 26, 1996-article called "Crime, Deterrence, and Right-to-Carry Concealed Handguns," written by John R. Hand Guns and Conceal Ability :: Guns Weapons Violence Essays Hand Guns and Conceal Ability The debate of hand guns is highly argued among American citizens. The article "Handgun Bands" from GunCite.com, and the article "Concealed Carry and its Effect on Crime" from CCNCrime.com, advocate the legal possession of a concealed handgun. They attempt to show that legal handguns actually deter crime and violence. The first article "Handgun Bands" takes an emotional approach followed by statistical information to prove the point that handgun bands, or limitations on the ability to purchase and carry a hand gun, do not effectively counter violence. The author begins by giving the statistic from the F.B.I. Uniform Crime Report that over 55% of all murders are committed with handguns. This leads you to believe that the author is an advocate of handgun bands. This idea is quickly thrown out in the next paragraph where it is stated that handguns are more often used in self defense than in crime. The claim is also made that most instances of self defense involving a handgun result in no shots fired. The question is then brought up, if handguns are banned will violent crime decrease? The author claims that not only will crime not decrease but, will grow resulting in more violence than ever. A survey from the National Institute of Justice shows that 72% of felons that use handguns would simply switch over to other weapons, such as shotguns in order to commit their violent acts. The author then gets information from an article by R. Taylor called "Gunshot Wounds of the Abdomen." This article proves that shotguns and rifles cause much more damage to the abdomen than handguns. The author is also able to show that studies taken by Don B. Jr. in his article ‘Guns, Murders, and the Constitution," show that 54% to 80% of homicides committed with handguns could have just as easily been committed with a long gun. The author effectively defends his idea that banning handguns will have no effect on the reduction of violent crime, but may actually increase instances of gun crimes. This is due to the fact that civilians would no longer be able to defend themselves effectively. The second article, " Concealed Carry and its Effect on Crime" tries to persuade the reader that the right to carry concealed weapons will deter criminals. Most of the information in this article is taken from a July 26, 1996-article called "Crime, Deterrence, and Right-to-Carry Concealed Handguns," written by John R.

To Eat or Not to Eat

To Eat or Not to Eat In the twenty first century people have managed to clone animals and transplant organs but they still have not managed to cope with many serious diseases. Some of the most widely spread are the eating disorders – such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Even though many people underestimate them, they are extremely dangerous and even fatal. In order to prevent eating disorders, we should learn more about them. First of all, everyone can be affected by such diseases regardless their age, gender, race and place of living.However, the risk is higher, if one`s parents suffered from an eating disorder or if one is engaged with for instance dancing, modelling or cooking. It is worth mentioning that the psychological factor plays a very important role. Many young girls ‘give up’ eating because they want to look like the girls from the fashion magazines and the TV. But something that has started as an innocent diet or a bit of overweight, may destroy one`s health and life. There are a lot of types of eating disorders – the most notorious being anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder.Anorexia nervosa is characterised with an extremely strong desire for losing weight and fear of gaining weight. It is believed social and family factors cause that condition. Nowadays society exerts a lot of pressure on people, especially girls and young women, to be thin and good looking. Many start starvation diets and become obsessed with their weight which can easily lead to anorexia nervosa. Most people who suffer from it do not realise that they have a problem and believe they are obese even though their body mass is less than 35kg. One of the most extreme examples is that of Lauren Bailey who dropped below 20kg.Fortunately, she managed to cope with her terrible condition unlike many other women. Bulimia nervosa is characterised with periods of extreme overeating and binging followed by gui lt and depression that usually lead to intentional vomiting. It is another example of eating disorder caused by social and family factors. However, many people who have digestive problems may also suffer from bulimia nervosa. These are people who haven`t found medical solution of their problems and try to find one themselves. This condition may cause more problems with the digestive system, affect the teeth, the hair and the nails.Some celebrities that have had problems with bulimia are Lady Diana, lady Gaga and Sir Elton John. Binge eating disorder is characterised with over consumption of food even when one is not hungry, obesity and feeling of guilt. This condition is usually caused by depression and different problems at work or in the family. People start eating more and more to feel better. The affected are usually ashamed of themselves, tend to hide and eat alone. This disease may cause diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, bone deterioration, stroke and even death. The se ven-year-old Jessica Gaude is regarded as the fattest child in the world with her 222kg.These are only a few examples of the seventy million registered cases of eating disorders. However, if all these people receive help that will make them realise their condition and they may change their way of living forever. All types of eating disorders involve unhealthy way of eating that begins gradually and reaches the point when it is extremely difficult to turn back. Everyone can fall victim to such diseases, so we should be careful with the people around us – our relatives and friends. If some of them suffer from an eating disorder they may not even realise it, so we ought to help them because this may save their lives. To Eat or Not to Eat To eat or not to eat? That is the question. â€Å"I have made an appointment to have my blood lipid levels checked, but I can't remember if my doctor mentioned fasting before the blood test. And I've heard that it is unnecessary to fast before a blood test. Is this true? † Nowadays, people are more concerned and aware of how much fat is in their diet. Having your blood lipid levels tested regularly is a good way to keep track of this. However, it is often inconvenient for many people to fast before a blood test as the idea of missing a meal can be disconcerting.A recent study, done by students of HUNT221 at the University of Otago, looks into the effect of blood lipid levels after consuming different types of meals, compared with fasting. In the experiment, total (plasma) cholesterol and triacylglycerol (1) concentrations were monitored between fasting and non-fasting blood tests. The aim of the investigation was to identify whether these lipid levels were raised by recently i ngested meals. Subjects were required to consume a high carbohydrate (CHO) or high fat meal with similar energy and protein content.The results obtained were necessary to determine if there was a post-prandial(2) effect on the true validity of the lipid concentrations. This is also useful for diagnosing blood lipid disorders such as high cholesterol. All subjects were required to provide a fasting blood sample to show a baseline for the lipid concentration. The fasting results showed a mean total cholestrol level of 4. 36 mmol/L and a mean triacylglyceride level of 1. 13 mmol/L. The study showed that the lipid concentrations between subjects who ingested a high carbohydrate meal and those fasting were similar.There were no significant value to show that the high carbohydrate meal had an effect on lipid levels in the blood. Triglyeride levels in CHOs are generally low(? ), explaining the little effect that a high CHO meal has on triglyercide levels in the blood. However not all foods high in CHO are low in triglycerides. For example, muffins which are considered to be high in CHO also have an elevated amount of hidden fat. So yes, that toast with your favourite low-fat spread is okay to have before going for your blood test. But always check with your GP first.When comparing the high fat and the fasting blood samples, it showed that there was a significant increase of 20% in total blood triacylglyceride concentrations. The total cholesterol concentration did not change significantly. This suggesting that by eating a high fat meal, the triacylglyceride levels will be affected; hence the blood test would not be accurate and would not provide a correct indication of actual lipid levels. Therefore, lipid intake should be kept to a minimum before a blood test. . Replacing standard dairy products for low-fat alternatives is better when considering eating before a blood test (3).Also look out for hidden lipids in foods high in carbohydrates by checking nutrition panel s on the packaging. So to answer your question, it is preferable to fast for 10 to 12 hours to avoid obtaining invalid results. However, if it is necessary to eat, avoid high fat foods such as bacon and eggs, or high fat spreads. Rather, you can opt for carbohydrate foods such as fruits and vegetables or breads and cereals. It is necessary however to keep in mind that these suggestions only apply when testing for blood lipids levels, if in doubt talk to your GP. To Eat or Not to Eat To Eat or Not to Eat In the twenty first century people have managed to clone animals and transplant organs but they still have not managed to cope with many serious diseases. Some of the most widely spread are the eating disorders – such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Even though many people underestimate them, they are extremely dangerous and even fatal. In order to prevent eating disorders, we should learn more about them. First of all, everyone can be affected by such diseases regardless their age, gender, race and place of living.However, the risk is higher, if one`s parents suffered from an eating disorder or if one is engaged with for instance dancing, modelling or cooking. It is worth mentioning that the psychological factor plays a very important role. Many young girls ‘give up’ eating because they want to look like the girls from the fashion magazines and the TV. But something that has started as an innocent diet or a bit of overweight, may destroy one`s health and life. There are a lot of types of eating disorders – the most notorious being anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder.Anorexia nervosa is characterised with an extremely strong desire for losing weight and fear of gaining weight. It is believed social and family factors cause that condition. Nowadays society exerts a lot of pressure on people, especially girls and young women, to be thin and good looking. Many start starvation diets and become obsessed with their weight which can easily lead to anorexia nervosa. Most people who suffer from it do not realise that they have a problem and believe they are obese even though their body mass is less than 35kg. One of the most extreme examples is that of Lauren Bailey who dropped below 20kg.Fortunately, she managed to cope with her terrible condition unlike many other women. Bulimia nervosa is characterised with periods of extreme overeating and binging followed by gui lt and depression that usually lead to intentional vomiting. It is another example of eating disorder caused by social and family factors. However, many people who have digestive problems may also suffer from bulimia nervosa. These are people who haven`t found medical solution of their problems and try to find one themselves. This condition may cause more problems with the digestive system, affect the teeth, the hair and the nails.Some celebrities that have had problems with bulimia are Lady Diana, lady Gaga and Sir Elton John. Binge eating disorder is characterised with over consumption of food even when one is not hungry, obesity and feeling of guilt. This condition is usually caused by depression and different problems at work or in the family. People start eating more and more to feel better. The affected are usually ashamed of themselves, tend to hide and eat alone. This disease may cause diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, bone deterioration, stroke and even death. The se ven-year-old Jessica Gaude is regarded as the fattest child in the world with her 222kg.These are only a few examples of the seventy million registered cases of eating disorders. However, if all these people receive help that will make them realise their condition and they may change their way of living forever. All types of eating disorders involve unhealthy way of eating that begins gradually and reaches the point when it is extremely difficult to turn back. Everyone can fall victim to such diseases, so we should be careful with the people around us – our relatives and friends. If some of them suffer from an eating disorder they may not even realise it, so we ought to help them because this may save their lives.

High School And Selective Honors Programs - 989 Words

One of the biggest fallacies in my high school was that the people in the top ten rank were the smartest people there. That because we were considered to be the best school in the city(another issue in and of itself), they were the ones that were going to be accepted into the high ranking universities and selective honors programs. But what most of my classmates, and myself at first, failed to see that the truth was actually very different. When one takes a step back and actually looks at the credentials and scores of the people in the top ten rank when compared to the rest of the class, it becomes exceedingly obvious that the numbers don’t support the notion that they are the â€Å"elite† scholars of the school. Many of those in the top ten rank were there for one reason only, they knew how to play the system and they picked the easiest teachers for each subject. Now of course there was a couple of students that were indeed hard workers and very intelligent, our valedi ctorian is a great example of that. But the majority were anything but. Most of their test scores (AP, SAT, ACT, etc.), awards, and community service/extracurricular activities were noticeably less than the students who were deemed less â€Å"successful† than them. Now when I first started there I thought that maybe if I tried to do what they did I would have a higher chance of getting into a great university, but I started to notice several little things about the previous classes and their top ten’s experience inShow MoreRelatedHigh School And Selective Honors Programs983 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the biggest myths in my high school was that the people in the top ten rank were the smartest students in the city. 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Since my high school does not offer business courses, DECA serves as a club to attract motivated students to share their ideas in business. My particular interest is in the effects of marketing and finance on a business, however, I have never taken a course on theseRead MoreThe Milieu Of High School Education Essay1551 Words   |  7 Pages The milieu of high school education is constantly changing and the demands upon students academically and socially are at an all time high. Classrooms are no longer typically filled with textbooks, desks, chalkboards, and overhead projectors but replaced with computers, smart boards, greenhouses, CAD Labs, and interactive technology that allow students to communicate with other students and industry personal globally. The face of education has evol ved and the demands from industry and academia haveRead MoreFinding Employment For College Graduates1178 Words   |  5 Pagesattend an elite school or a predominately white school. Graduating from a historical black college most of the time gets looked down on because how people view them. There is a stigma that HBCU’s are less stringent and collect fewer less post grad employment opportunities. Sometimes receiving employment is not all about what school you graduated from, the color of your skin, or what gender you are, it’s about simply what you know or who you know. Another problem is that many of the schools do not help